Learner and provisional licence laws around Australia

Last updated on August 25, 2022

As a learner (L) or provisional (P plate) driver, you must follow all relevant rules and restrictions on the road. These change as you progress through your L, P1, and P2 licences.

The different states and territories also have different driving laws and regulations for drivers in their early stages. This can make it hard to keep track of which rules to follow.

We've put together a guide to help you understand the rules and regulations for each state and territory and how they differ. Brush up before your next test or interstate journey.

While most L and P plate laws differ between locations, there are two laws that apply Australia wide.

  • Zero alcohol: Drivers should always have a 0% blood alcohol level.
  • Display plates: Plates must always be visible, both on the front and back of the vehicle.

New South Wales (NSW) regulations are fairly restrictive, especially red P plate (P1) and green P plate (P2) rules. When in NSW, you must follow these rules:

  • Maximum speed limit: Up to 90 km/h for L and P1 drivers. Up to 100 km/h for P2 drivers
  • Passenger limit: P1 drivers under 25 can't drive with more than one passenger under the age of 21 between 11 PM and 5 AM. 
  • Mobile phone: Can't be used at all. ·
  • Towing: L drivers are not allowed to tow. Up to 250kg is allowed on P1 licences. Standard laws apply for P2 licences. 
  • Prohibited vehicle classes: P plate drivers can't drive some high-performance vehicles.For more details search for approved and banned vehicles in NSW.

Queensland (QLD) has complex P1 licence rules, especially around passenger restrictions. When in QLD, you must follow these rules:

  • Passenger limit: Red P plate (P1) drivers under 25 can't drive with more than one passenger under the age of 21 between 11 PM and 5 AM. This doesn't apply to members of their immediate family.
  • Mobile phone:
    • Can’t be used at all by L and P1 drivers.
    • Supervisors and passengers can't use a mobile phone on speaker while a learner driver is driving.
    • Green P plate(P2) drivers can only use hands-free functions on their mobile phones.

In Victoria (VIC), drivers under 21 must hold their provisional licence for 4 years. This is longer than in any other stat. When in VIC, you must follow these rules:

  • Passenger limit: Red P plate (P1) drivers can't carry more than one passenger aged 16 to 22 years.
  • Mobile phone: Can't be used at all.
  • Towing: L and P1 drivers are not allowed to tow. Standard laws apply for green P plate (P2) drivers.
  • Prohibited vehicle classes: Provisional drivers can't drive some high-performance vehicles. Search for approved and banned vehicles using the VicRoads Probationary vehicles database.
Western Australia (WA) has fairly relaxed laws for learner and provisional drivers.

Besides the laws that apply all over Australia, there’s one rule to know. P1 drivers can't drive between midnight and 5 AM for the first six months of their licence. There's an exception for people driving to, or for, work

South Australian (SA) L and P1 laws are much more restrictive than P2. When in SA, you must follow these rules:

  • Maximum speed limit: 100 km/h.
  • Passenger limit: Provisional drivers under the age of 25 can't drive with more than one passenger aged 16 to 20. This rule doesn't apply to immediate family members. It also doesn't apply if someone with a full licence is sitting next to and supervising them.
  • Curfew: P1 drivers can't drive between midnight and 5 AM.
  • Mobile phone: Can't be used at all by L and P1 drivers. Standard rules apply for P2 drive
  • Prohibited vehicle classes: Drivers under the age of 25 can't drive a high-powered vehicle

Further restrictions for provisional drivers have been implemented in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). When in the ACT, you’ll need to observe the following:

  • Passenger limit: Provisional drivers can’t drive with more than one passenger aged 16 to 22 from 11 PM until 5 AM. This doesn't apply if it's a family member or if they're driving to, or for, work.
  • Mobile phone: Can't be used at all.
  • Towing: L drivers are not allowed to tow. P1 and P2 drivers can tow up to 750kg, but it must be a trailer.

The Northern Territory (NT) has few restrictions for learner and provisional drivers. When in NT, you must follow these rules:

  • Maximum speed limit: Up to 80km/h on L licences. Up to 100 km/h on provisional licences.
  • Mobile phone: Can't be used at all.

 In Tasmania, you must follow these provisional and learner licence laws:

  • Maximum speed limit: L and Red p plate (P1) drivers can go to 90km/h in 100km/h zones and 100 km/h in 110km/h zones. Green p plate(P2) drivers can go up to the posted speed limits.
  • Passenger limit: P1 drivers under 25 can't drive with more than one passenger aged 16 to 21. This doesn't apply if it's a family member or if they're driving to, or for, work. It also doesn't apply if someone with a full licence is sitting next to and supervising them.
  • Towing: L drivers are not allowed to tow. Standard laws apply for provisional licences.

As a learner or provisional driver, you’re at the start of your driving journey. At Allianz, we’re behind you for what’s ahead. Visit Allianz Car Insurance to learn about the different types of car insurance we offer and how these can help you safely kick off your driving journey. 

Disclaimer

This article has been prepared by Allianz Australia Insurance Limited ABN 15 000 122 850 AFSL 234708 (“Allianz”). In some cases, information has been provided to us by third parties and while that information is believed to be accurate and reliable, its accuracy is not guaranteed in any way. 

Any opinions expressed constitute our views at the time of issue and are subject to change. Neither Allianz, nor its employees or directors give any warranty of accuracy or accept responsibility for any loss or liability incurred by you in respect of any error, omission or misrepresentation in this article.

 

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